ABSTRACT
To investigate the status on vaccination for National Immunization Program ( NIP) among migrant children in Longwan District of Wenzhou City , and to explore the factors that influ-enced the vaccination rate in migrant children . [ Methods] By using PPS sampling method , a series of 366 migrant children who were born from January 1, 2009 to December 31,2011 were investigated for NIP vaccine immunization status by household visit in 30 towns. [ Results] The percentage of migrant chil-dren with vaccination card and vaccination certificate were 92 .90%and 99 .73%respectively .Vaccination coverage rates were Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG)(98.09%), 1 Oral Poliomyelitis Attenualed Live Vac-cine ( OPV ) ( 95 .08%) , 3 Diphtheria , Tetanus and Pertussis Combined Vaccine ( DTP ) ( 92 .90%) , 1 Measles Attenuated Live Vaccine (MV)(91.53%), 3 Hepatitis B Vaccine (HepB)(95.36%), 1 Japa-nese Encephalitis Vaccine ( JEV ) ( 65.30%), and 2 Meningococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine ( MPV ) (74.74%), Hepatitis A Vaccine(HepA)(61.34%).In addition, the coverage of HepB first doze timely vaccination was 88.52%,the scar rate of BCG was 96.58%.Five vaccines vaccination rate was 81.97%. The boosting vaccination rates of MCV ,DTP,and JEV were 78.87%,68.04%,and 57.95% respectively. The incidence of unqualified vaccination were 1.91%-42.05%, the highest being that of HepA and the lowest BCG . [ Conclusion] Basic immunization rates of BCG , OPV, DTP, MCB and HepB were higher than 90%, but their revaccinations and the vaccination rates of JEV , MPV and HepA were low , which was the weak link in management of migrant children .The main reasons for unqualified vaccination were extended vaccination , unvaccination or not full vaccination .
ABSTRACT
Two trace impurities in the bulk drug lisinopril were detected by means of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) with a simple and sensitive method suitable for HPLC/MSn analysis. The fragmentation behavior of lisinopril and the impurities was investigated, and two unknown impurities were elucidated as 2-(6-amino-1-(1-carboxyethylamino)-1-oxohexan-2-ylamino)-4-phenylbutanoic acid and 6-amino-2-(1-carboxy-3-phenylpro-pylamino)-hexanoic acid on the basis of the multi-stage mass spectrometry and exact mass evidence. The proposed structures of the two unknown impurities were further confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments after preparative isolation.